NANOWIRE

A nanowire is a nanostructure, with the diameter of the order of a nanometer (10−9 meters). Alternatively, nanowires can be defined as structures that have a thickness or diameter constrained to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length. At these scales, quantum mechanical effects are important — which coined the term "quantum wires". Many different types of nanowires exist, including metallic (e.g., Ni, Pt, Au), semiconducting (e.g., Si, InP, GaN, etc.), and insulating (e.g., SiO2, TiO2). Molecular nanowires are composed of repeating molecular units either organic (e.g. DNA) or inorganic (e.g. Mo6S9-xIx).
The nanowires could be used, in the near future, to link tiny components into extremely small circuits. Using nanotechnology, such components could be created out of chemical compounds.

Uses of Nanowire

Nanowires still belong to the experimental world of laboratories. However, they may complement or replace carbon nanotubes in some applications. Some early experiments have shown how they can be used to build the next generation of computing devices.
To create active electronic elements, the first key step was to chemically dope a semiconductor nanowire. This has already been done to individual nanowires to create p-type and n-type semiconductors.
The next step was to find a way to create a p-n junction, one of the simplest electronic devices. This was achieved in two ways. The first way was to physically cross a p-type wire over an n-type wire. The second method involved chemically doping a single wire with different dopants along the length. This method created a p-n junction with only one wire.
After p-n junctions were built with nanowires, the next logical step was to build logic gates. By connecting several p-n junctions together, researchers have been able to create the basis of all logic circuits: the AND, OR, and NOT gates have all been built from semiconductor nanowire crossings.
It is possible that semiconductor nanowire crossings will be important to the future of digital computing. Though there are other uses for nanowires beyond these, the only ones that actually take advantage of physics in the nanometer regime are electronic.
Nanowires are being studied for use as photon ballistic waveguides as interconnects in quantum dot/quantum effect well photon logic arrays. Photons travel inside the tube, electrons travel on the outside shell.
When two nanowires acting as photon waveguides cross each other the juncture acts as a quantum dot.
Conducting nanowires offer the possibility of connecting molecular-scale entities in a molecular computer. Dispersions of conducting nanowires in different polymers are being investigated for use as transparent electrodes for flexible flat-screen displays.
Because of their high Young's moduli, their use in mechanically enhancing composites is being investigated. Because nanowires appear in bundles, they may be used as tribological additives to improve friction characteristics and reliability of electronic transducers and actuators.
Because of their high aspect ratio, nanowires are also uniquely suited to dielectrophoretic manipulation.[4]

Unique Identification Project

Unique Identification Project
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This is the step taken by Union goverment to give unique identity proofs to residents of India. This identity will have basic information of the residents of india. When the resident enrolls, basic information of will be collected and will be give a number( not a card). However, this number will not have any intelligence/sensitive information,thus avoids any identity thefts.



BENEFITs
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(1) Obtaining the address proofs for Driving License,passports etc will be easy
(2)This will help in improving the delivery of Cental and state flagship program. As lack of identity proof results in harrassement and some case denial of services
(3)It will save Gov. Exchequer by avoiding leakages in Govt programmes.

This is to be noted that one such programme has already been introduced by Election Commission in 1993 and planned to provide Photo Identity card to voters. This programme resulted large burden on Government cosidering the population of india.
This is right step taken from Goverment to give unique no,s which has multiple benefits.But the programme needs to be executed professionally and in phased manner.

C-DOT

C-DOT


The Centre for Development of Telematics is an Indian Government owned Telecom Technology development Centre. It was established in 1984 with initial mandate of designing and developing digital exchanges. Today, C-DOT has expanded itself in the area of Telecom. C-DOT is now a Next Generation Technology Centre developing various intelligent software applications.
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Bhuvan, is satellite mapping tool

Bhuvan, is satellite mapping tool similar to Google earth and wikimapia. This is designed by ISRO. Bhuvan uses Indian Remote Sensing satellites and gives exceptionally superior quality picture of India compared to any other visual globe tool.

This gives better resolution of India and cleared of all sensitive details for security concern. Along with this has other tools such as weather monitoring, disaster mapping-flood and draught affected area mapping and also helps in district administration as it maps the district boundaries of all states of India.

National Remote Sensing Agency played an important role in the creation of this product. ISRO has used data provided by satellites including Resourcesat-1, Cartosat-1 and Cartosat-2 to get the best possible imagery for India both in 2D and 3D view.

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Globalisation and Growing Inequality
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World is going through its severe economic downturn since the great economic downturn of 1930's. The ILO report says that the root of this crisis lies in 1990's economic reforms. Throgh this reforms, the world economic order took a turn and headed for different direction and is the main reason for contemporary economic inquality, social security concerns and labour relations.

Recent report of ILO clearly highlights the growing inequality among different section of workers and decrease in the unemployment after the globalization. - Main reason is due to the extinctions of many domestic industries which are affected by the global factors.

Although the 1990s economic reforms were accompanied by “substantial economic development across most regions" there were variation in labour market performance between and within the countries. Moreover, increase in employment also occurred, alongside a redistribution of income " away from labor"
Statistics indicated the share of wages in National Income declined over the past 2 decades. This means that workers gained very less from the economic growth. The rich poor gap also widened.
Nearly two thirds of the countries experienced an increase in income inequalities. Yet another finding is that this rich poor gap is doing so at increased pace.

Financial Globalization has not lived upto its promises. Another problem that it has eroded the Bargaining power of employees and contributed to decline in wage share over and above any effect resulting from trade integration or sectorial change.

The continuing economic slowdown coupled with rising food prices will accentuate the income inequality and affect the employment opportunities of low income group..
Although in line with the economic thinking since the advent of globalization, the report argues that income inequalities could be a good thing as it rewards work quality, talent, and innovation. It strikes a serious note of caution that “there are instances where income inequality reaches excessive levels, in that it represents a danger to social stability while also going against economic efficiency considerations.”